Merging Human Intelligence to Software

TurKit lets programmers combines code with input from an army of online human workers.

Amazon's Mechanical Turk service has long provided a cheap source of labor, when the job is simple for humans but difficult for computers. Tasks such as describing a picture, for example, can be completed online by remote, human workers. Programmers already use groups of these workers, called turkers, to do many such tasks at the same time. But Mechanical Turk offers no easy way for programmers developing new software applications to combine and coordinate the turkers' efforts. Now computer scientists at MIT have developed a toolkit that does just that. Called TurKit, the tool lets software engineers write algorithms to coordinate online workers using the Javascript programming language, and create powerful applications that have human intelligence built in. The software can also be debugged like normal code.

Software with brains: The word processing add-on, Soylent, shown above, was built with TurKit. Turkit helps developers write algorithms that integrate the work of humans recruited through Mechanical Turk.

"Usually in Javascript, you wouldn't be able to access Mechanical Turk without a lot of work," explains Greg Little, a PhD candidate at MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, who created TurKit. "This is a bridge for writing code that interacts with the workers on Mechanical Turk, so we can easily explore new methods of human computation."

With TurKit, human input is stored in a database. That way, anytime the software under development crashes, the turkers don't have to start over from scratch. Instead, once the program has been fixed, it can pick right up where it left off. "If you wait an hour for the humans to finish their task, and then the program throws an error, you don't want to wait another hour just to see if your bug fix works," says Little. TurKit also prevents the human input from changing unpredictably during the debugging process. "If I got different behavior every time I ran (a program), I could never debug that moving target," says Michael Bernstein, a PhD candidate at MIT, who used TurKit to create a word-processing application called Soylent.

Gadget Vs Widget

The easiest way to explain it is that a gadget is any widget that is not a widget. Sound confusing? A widget is a piece of reusable code that you can plug into virtually any website. A gadget acts just like a widget, often fulfilling the same purpose, but it is proprietary. It only works on a certain website or a specific set of websites.

For example, Google Gadgets can look and act like widgets. But they only work on Google pages.

A widget, on the other hand, works on any page that lets you add an HTML block. You can put them on your blog, or your personalized start page, or your personal website.

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How To Change Google Chrome’s Cache Location And Size

Did you know that there is no setting in the graphical user interface of the Google Chrome browser to change the location and size of the cache? I searched up and down and could not find an option to do that. Some users may say that this is not essential anymore, with growing hard drives and such. Others may have a different opinion on it on the other hand, considering that Chrome always installs itself on the main system partition in Windows.

The cache is conveniently placed in the installation directory as well. You find the default Chrome cache location under C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Cache if you are running Windows 7.

Reasons to change the location and size of the Chrome cache.

1.  Solid State Drives and system partitions with low storage space come to mind. 
2. And some users may want to move the cache location to the RAM instead, to speed up things, get the cache auto deleted on exit or avoid to many write cycles on the system partition.

The only official option to relocate the cache and change its size are two command line switches that need to be added to the Chrome shortcut. That’s not the most elegant solution, considering that these shortcuts are not executed if Chrome is the default browser and a web address is launched from a third party software.

• --disk-cache-dir
• --disk-cache-size

The disk cache dir parameter defines a new location of the Chrome cache, while disk cache size changes the cache limit.

 Here is an example:

--disk-cache-dir=”d:\cache” --disk-cache-size=104857600

This changes the location of the Google Chrome cache to d:\cache, and the limit of the cache to 100 Megabytes.

How to do change the Chrome shortcut then to apply those new cache directions?

Step 1:In Windows, you locate the Chrome shortcut (on the desktop, start menu or taskbar), right-click it     and select properties. The shortcut tab should open in a new window. Locate the Target field in the tab and   append the cache directions to the end of the field, e.g.

C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe --disk-cache-dir=”d:\cache” --disk-cache-size=104857600

Some users may want to limit the cache even further, to an absolute minimum. Those users can set the disk cache size parameter to 1, which works best for all cases.

Step 2: Ensure that Chrome is using the right cache location and size when a link is clicked (this is only necessary if Chrome is the default system browser). Windows users need to open the Windows Registry and do some Registry hacking for this. Open the Registry with Windows-R, typing regedit and the enter key.

Now locate the Registry key

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\ChromeHTML\shell\open\command

You should find a path to the Chrome executable there. All we need to do is to append the cache location and size to the path so that Chrome uses the right caching information when links are clicked and Chrome is not open at that time.

Simply add --disk-cache-dir=”d:\cache” --disk-cache-size=104857600 after chrome.exe”, so that it looks like the following now:

“C:\Users\Martin\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe” --disk-cache-dir=”d:\cache” --disk-cache-size=104857600 -- “%1″